National Fort

So here you are on the rocky outcrop that holds the famous Fort National. Saint-Malo is protected by maritime fortifications designed by Vauban, the royal engineer behind almost all of France’s great fortresses and the man Louis XIV entrusted with the delicate mission of defending the French coast from English and Dutch invasion. Mission accomplished, since attempts to capture the city were as numerous as they were futile. Walking up to Fort National is a rare chance to step right inside the world of military engineering. Its drawbridge, grilles, and walls are regularly restored, and the fort is packed with stories that bring past battles vividly back to life. The only time it was ever taken was during the Second World War, when it was turned into a prison where more than 300 people endured horrific conditions. During the American bombardment of 1944, part of the fort was destroyed and many prisoners were killed. You’ll see a commemorative plaque in their memory. But above all, the fort still carries its reputation for audacity and near invincibility. Legend even says that this is where the privateer Robert Surcouf fought his very first duel. The story goes that he quickly defeated eleven opponents and spared the twelfth, slicing off only his hand and declaring, “I spare you, sir, because I need a witness.” If you want to visit the fort, look up at the mast: if the French flag is flying, it means the monument is open.